Gansheng Tan M.Eng

Gansheng Tan M.Eng

PhD Candidate in Biomedical Engineering

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A list of all the posts and pages found on the site. For you robots out there, there is an XML version available for digesting as well.

Pages

Posts

The perception of human society (updated)

6 minute read

Published:

Background

Years ago, I claimed that the world was running irrationally. I was 95% wrong. I want to update my thoughts on this point as I have been dwelling in the field of medicine and neuroscience for 4 years. We, humans, perceive nature through senses and cognition. I define cognition as the ability to reason, abstract, and communicate (information transfer). Scientifically, at least based on the literature to date, cognition is grounded on our sensations. For example, we like to make visual analogies to explain a concept, such as sphere-atom, river-time, and numerous 2D illustrations in scientific publications.

Universal law in mind

4 minute read

Published:

Why do humans need to find the universal law (time-space for example)?

We are living in a complex world. Finding universal law often requires taking countless factors into account, which inevitably exceed human’s capacity to represent constructs in mind. For example, human’s spatial ability are three-dimensional. The Coordonnées cartésiennes is how we use to communicate the spatial property of an entity.
if a universal law existed, I am interested in if the the universal law requires that human transcends mind’s ability to represent existence.

Existence and perception

6 minute read

Published:

Prelude

We perceive the world through vision, sensation, sound, smell, taste. Mechanistically, the receptor of the cells senses the environment and transduce the signals/molecules/electrical activities to the brain. A fundamental problem of defining existence in the world is: how do we define the existence that can not beb sensed. I find a less intimidating way to formulate the question: if the signal from cell receptor takes a certain period to reach our brain, can we tell if the stimuli occurs at the present time.

An practical guide of statistical analyses in Neuroscience studies (for beginners)

47 minute read

Published:

Introduction

This notebook aims to provide statistical functions, build dataFrame, and perform statistical analyses. The conditions/groups are push/pull+ healthy/lf-patients/hf-patients/sham-patients + before/after-TMS The hypotheses tested are:

  • difference between healthy subjects and patients (includng lf/hf/sham-TMS) in push/pull epochs()
  • the regression between CMMN properties (including components-SPMIs and graph properties) and FMA
  • clustering analyses on CMMN properties (UE-brunnstrom clusters)
  • ANOVA and MANOVA and post-hoc analyses (details are missed)

Les Aveux fidèles

3 minute read

Published:

Introduction

On aimerait tous savoir parler plusieurs langues, par contre le problème est que quand j’ai envie de faire un bilan, toutes les langues que j’ai apprises paraissent manquer quelque choses pour qu’elles soient parfaites. Et bien, grace au principe du rasoir d’Ockham, j’écrirai comme je parle à moi-même, peu n’import quelle langue. D’un côté, cela demandera moins d’effort; de l’autre, cela me permettra exprimer mes réflexions brutes sans qu’ils soient partiellement cachées à cause de la honte ou alors la peur qu’on me juge.

portfolio

projects

MaxFlow_segmentation

innovation project begun in CentraleSupélec, CENTRE DE VISION NUMERIQUE (CVN), 2019

This project is served as an example about representing energy function as multi-layer graph.

Rhythm_dynamic_in_locomotion

scientific thought begun in Washington University in St. Louis, CINT, 2019

The central pattern generator plays an important role in motor execution. I am fascinated by the involvement of rhythm in central nervous system processing, for example, Neuronal oscillation, heart beat, respiration, motor neuron patterned firing. The question is: can we modulate the rhythmic dynamic to enhance coordination and improve rehabilitation from neurological disorder, hemiparesis for example?

Electrode-localization

innovation project begun in Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2025

Algorithms DOI in MATLAB for objectively and automatically localizing intracranial contac, based on CT images, MRI images, and freesurfer segmentation.

publications

Comparison between the performance of GAN and DCGAN

Published in NON, 2019

Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) are algorithms that generate content (usually images), which imitate real content that is fed to them.

Recommended citation: Gezheng, X.&Gansheng, T.&Fangxu, L.&Xiaoyu, S.(2019). &quotComparison between the performance of GAN and DCGAN." Learning network. NA(NA).
Download Paper

Classification of meditation state and auditory attention control state

Published in NON, 2019

This detailed paper elucidate the methods and results of using EEG signal band power, ratios of frequencies magnitudes and phase-amplitude coupling in classification

Recommended citation: Gansheng, T.&Shuhui, W.&Valentin, V.& Wei,M. (2019). "Classification of meditation state and auditory attention control state." Jalon. 1(4).
Download Paper

Paper Title Number 4

Published in GitHub Journal of Bugs, 2024

This paper is about fixing template issue #693.

Recommended citation: Your Name, You. (2024). "Paper Title Number 3." GitHub Journal of Bugs. 1(3).
Download Paper

Does vibrotactile stimulation of the auricular vagus nerve enhance working memory? A behavioral and physiological investigation

Published in Brain Stimulation, 2024

Development of novel noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation for cognition improvement

Recommended citation: Tan, G., Adams, J., Donovan, K., Demarest, P., Willie, J. T., Brunner, P., Gorlewicz, J. L., & Leuthardt, E. C. (2024). Does vibrotactile stimulation of the auricular vagus nerve enhance working memory? A behavioral and physiological investigation. In Brain Stimulation (Vol. 17, Issue 2, pp. 460–468). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2024.04.002
Download Paper | Download Slides

Ultrasound Applications in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): A Systematic Review of Techniques and Efficacy

Published in medRxiv, 2025

To support the continued development of ultrasound for treating MDD, we conducted a systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines

Recommended citation: Tan, G., Chen, H., & Leuthardt, E. C. (2025). Ultrasound Applications in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): A Systematic Review of Techniques and Efficacy. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.01.23.25320960
Download Paper | Download Slides

talks

Invited Seminar at the CENTER FOR BRAIN-COMPUTING RESEARCH

Published:

[More information here] (https://personal.ntu.edu.sg/ctguan/research.html)
M.S. Tan talk about the interaction between cortical oscillation and muscle synergies (OSI) in healthy individuals and hemiparesis patients. M.S. Tan found OSI were 5 muscle synergies during the rectangular movement of the upper limb including push, horizontal abduction, pull, and horizontal addction. These muscle synergies were modulates by the cortical oscillation. OSI is an index of motor function in hemiparesis patients and provide insignts in developing effective neuromodulatory therapies.

Working memory in humans

Published:

This talks introduces how working memory is formed and how it affects everyday’s decision.

2024 Society of Neuroscience Annual Meeting

Published:

This talks presents The Interaction between Eye Movement and Middle Temporal Lobe activity During Visual Exploration: Insights from Electrophysiological Data. We found evoked potential occurring at saccade onset and offset.

teaching

Le Cours Français

le cours est ouvert pour tout le monde, Paris-Shanghai, 2019

Les leçons pour bien débuter en français et apprendre du vocabulaire, l’alphabet, la prononciation, la grammaire.

Biomedical-data-science

BME course, Washington University in St. Louis, 2024

This course introduce computational model and data science in the field of biomedical engineering.