Ultrasound Applications in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review of Techniques and Therapeutic Potentials in Clinical Trials and Animal Model Studies
Published in Neuromodulation, 2026
This systematic review synthesizes evidence on high-intensity and low-intensity focused ultrasound as a neuromodulation approach for major depressive disorder. Across animal studies and early human work, ultrasound shows promise as a noninvasive intervention while highlighting the need for careful parameter selection and stronger clinical evidence.
Recommended citation: Tan, G., Chen, H., & Leuthardt, E. C. (2026). Ultrasound Applications in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review of Techniques and Therapeutic Potentials in Clinical Trials and Animal Model Studies. Neuromodulation, 29(2), 187-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurom.2025.08.001
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